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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hfb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Health, Food &amp; Biotechnology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health, Food &amp; Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7648</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РОСБИОТЕХ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36107/hfb.2020.i1.s291</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hfb-63</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПИТАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOOD</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффективность метода обработки быстрыми электронами для снижения порчи пищевого сырья и продовольственных товаров при хранении и транспортировке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Efficiency of the Fast Electron Exposure Method for Reducing Spoilage of Food Raw Materials and Food Products During Storage and Transportation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рогов Иосиф Александрович</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iosif A. Rogov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чоманов</surname><given-names>У. Ч.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chomanov</surname><given-names>U. Ch.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чоманов Уришбай Чоманович</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Urishbaj Ch. Chomanov</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данильчук</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilchuk</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данильчук Татьяна Николаевна</p><p>125080, город Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, дом 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana N. Danilchuk</p><p>11 Volokolamskoe highway, Moscow, 125080</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">danilchuktn@mgupp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет пищевых производств»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Food Production</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казахский научно-исследовательский институт перерабатывающей и пищевой промышленности</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazakh Research Institute of Processing and Food Industry</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рогов И.А., Чоманов У.Ч., Данильчук Т.Н., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рогов И.А., Чоманов У.Ч., Данильчук Т.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rogov I.A., Chomanov U.C., Danilchuk T.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.hfb-journal.ru/jour/article/view/63">https://www.hfb-journal.ru/jour/article/view/63</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальной и не до конца решенной в настоящее время является проблема снижения потерь пищевого сырья и продовольственных товаров при транспортировке и хранении, снижения качества продукции в результате заражения насекомыми и микроорганизмами, порчи продукции грызунами. Применение традиционных методов дезинфекции, дезинсекции и дератизации не всегда бывает достаточным для полного обеззараживания, а иногда и нецелесообразным, и требуется использование альтернативных способов, например воздействие электромагнитных полей различного частотного диапазона. Из всего спектра электромагнитных волн исследователи особо выделяют ионизирующее излучение, способное убивать или видоизменять клетки растений, фрагментировать ДНК. Это свойство ионизирующего излучения можно использовать для борьбы с микроорганизмами, насекомыми, гельмитами и грызунами. Настоящая работа является развитием научных идей академика РАН И.А. Рогова в области использования ионизирующих излучений для обработки сельскохозяйственного сырья и продуктов питания. В статье приведены результаты экспериментов по обработке быстрыми электронами пищевого сырья и продуктов, зараженных микроорганизмами и насекомыми. Для различных объектов исследования определены дозы воздействия, вызывающие хороший биологический эффект, но не приводящие к деструкции биополимеров. Показано, что помимо дозы, другие факторы оказывают значительное воздействие на результаты процесса обработки, например температура и физическое состояние пищи. Замораживание оказывает защитное влияние во время облучения, предупреждая образование продуктов водного радиолиза, которые образуются в результате реакции с субстратом. При нагревании эти продукты (гидроксильные радикалы) имеют тенденцию реагировать преимущественно друг с другом, а не с субстратом, так что опасность для последнего обычно уменьшается, когда производят облучение замороженной пищи. Анаэробные условия также влияют на природу радиолитических продуктов, поскольку присутствие кислорода во время облучения может генерировать высокореактивные супероксидные радикалы и пероксирадикалы и пероксид водорода. Поведен сравнительный анализ результатов действия различных доз облучения на продукты растительного и животного происхождения. Показана эффективность и экономическая целесообразность применения обработки быстрыми электронами для снижения микробиальной порчи и зараженности насекомыми пищевого сырья и продовольсвенных товаров, а также для увеличения сроков хранения продукции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Actual and not yet fully resolved at present is the problem of reducing the loss of food raw materials and food products during transportation and storage, reducing the quality of products as a result of infection by insects and microorganisms, spoiling the products by rodents. The use of traditional methods of disinfection, pest and disinfestation is not always sufficient for complete disinfection, and sometimes impractical, and requires the use of alternative methods, such as exposure to electromagnetic fields of different frequency ranges. Of the entire spectrum of electromagnetic waves, researchers especially distinguish ionizing radiation that can kill or modify plant cells, fragment DNA. This property of ionizing radiation can be used to combat microorganisms, insects, helmittes and rodents. This work is a development of the scientific ideas of Academician J.A. Rogova in the use of ionizing radiation for the processing of agricultural raw materials and food. The article presents the results of experiments on fast processing of food raw materials and products infected with microorganisms and insects. For various objects of study, exposure doses were determined that cause a good biological effect, but do not lead to the destruction of biopolymers. It is shown that in addition to the dose, other factors have a significant effect on the results of the processing process, for example, temperature and physical condition of food. Freezing has a protective effect during irradiation, preventing the formation of products of aqueous radiolysis, which are formed as a result of reaction with the substrate. When heated, these products (hydroxyl radicals) tend to react predominantly with each other and not with the substrate, so the danger to the latter usually decreases when irradiated frozen food. Anaerobic conditions also affect the nature of radiolytic products, since the presence of oxygen during irradiation can generate highly reactive superoxide radicals and peroxy radicals and hydrogen peroxide. A comparative analysis of the effects of various doses of radiation on products of plant and animal origin is carried out. The efficiency and economic feasibility of using fast electron processing to reduce microbial spoilage and insect infestation of food raw materials and food products, as well as to increase shelf life of products, is shown.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микроорганизмы</kwd><kwd>пищевое сырье</kwd><kwd>ионизирующие излучения</kwd><kwd>быстрые электроны</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microorganisms</kwd><kwd>food raw materials</kwd><kwd>ionizing radiation</kwd><kwd>fast electrons</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ауслендер, В. Л., Безуглов, В. В.,Брязгин, А. А., Воронин, Л. А., Горбунов, В. А., Панфилов, А. Д., Подобаев, В. С., Радченко, В. М., Ткаченко, В. О., Факторович, Б. Л., Ческидов, В. Г., &amp; Штарклев, Е. А. (2009). Импульсный высокочастотный линейный ускоритель электронов ИЛУ-8. 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