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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hfb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Health, Food &amp; Biotechnology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health, Food &amp; Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7648</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РОСБИОТЕХ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36107/hfb.2019.il.s153</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hfb-32</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗДОРОВЬЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование иммунопатологических процессов, связанных с развитием фиброза печени</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Investigation of Immunopathological Processes Associated with the Development of Liver Fibrosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волчек</surname><given-names>Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volcek</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эдвард Волчек</p><p>Саутвик Хилл, PO6 3LY, Портсмут</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Edvard Volcek</p><p>Southwick Hill Rd, Portsmouth PO6 3LY</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igor.volchek@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Больница королевы Александры</institution><country>Великобритания</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Queen Alexandra Hospital</institution><country>United Kingdom</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волчек Э., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волчек Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volcek E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.hfb-journal.ru/jour/article/view/32">https://www.hfb-journal.ru/jour/article/view/32</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью данного исследования было определение зависимости течения фиброза печени от функционального состояния иммунной системы, в частности, от дисбаланса провоспалительных и противовоспалительных иммунных реакций, которые формируются у пациентов при развитии болезни. В исследование были включены 30 пациентов с хроническими заболеваниями печени (18 пациентов с хроническим гепатитом C (СНС) и 12 пациентов с алкогольным заболеванием печени (ALD), 15 человек без данных заболеваний составили группу сравнения. Эластография печени (FibroScan) использовалась для оценки жесткости печени и определения стадии фиброза в соответствии с классификацией METAVIR. В образцах сыворотки этой группы были измерены следующие уровни цитокинов: IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, VEGF и TGF-β. Согласно данным, представленным в данной работе, у пациентов с СНС и ALD наблюдалось статистически значимое повышение уровней провоспалительных цитокинов в сыворотке крови, а именно: IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ , IL-2, IL-6 и IL-8. Было замечено, что повышенные значения TGF-β были обнаружены у пациентов с CHC, но не у пациентов с ALD. Значительно более низкие концентрации VEGF наблюдались в обеих группах исследования. значительное снижение уровня IL-4 в сыворотке у пациентов с СНС, тогда как у пациентов с ALD такое снижение уменьшение не было статистически значимым. Содержание IL-1 в сыворотке было примерно одинаково повышено на ранних и поздних стадиях фиброза. Резкое повышение уровня TNF-α в сыворотке крови наблюдалось на ранних стадиях фиброза. На более поздних этапах рост сменился резким падением. Однако уровни TNF-α на поздних стадиях фиброза печени все еще значительно превышали контрольные значения. Уровни IFN-γ в сыворотке крови у пациентов значительно превышали контрольные значения без изменений на разных стадиях фиброза. Относительно высокие уровни сывороточных IL-2 и IL-6 были отмечены только на более поздних стадиях заболевания. В обеих группах пациентов была выявлена четкая зависимость уровней IL-8 от стадии фиброза. Анализ данных позволяет сделать вывод, что иммунные механизмы играют значительную роль в патогенезе дегенеративных заболеваний печени. Поэтому необходимы дальнейшие исследования механизма и роли иммунных факторов для изучения возможных диагностических и терапевтических применений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to determine the dependence of the course of liver fibrosis on the functional state of the immune system, in particular, on the imbalance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune reactions that are formed in patients during the development of the disease. The study included 30 patients with chronic liver diseases (18 patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and 12 patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD), 15 healthy individuals were the comparison group. Liver elastography (FibroScan) was used to evaluate liver stiffness and determine fibrosis stages according to METAVIR classification. The following cytokine levels were measured in the serum samples of the group: IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, VEGF and TGF-β. According to the data presented in this work, in patients with CHC and ALD, there was a statistically significant increase in serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely: IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8. Interestingly, elevated TGF-β values were found in patients with CHC, but not in patients with ALD. Significantly lower concentrations of VEGF were observed in both study groups. There was also a significant decrease in serum IL-4 in patients with CHC, whereas in patients with ALD such a decrease was not statistically significant. Serum IL-1β content was approximately equally elevated in the early and late stages of fibrosis. A sharp rise in serum TNF-α levels occurred in the early stages of fibrosis. In the later stages, the rise in the level was replaced by a sharp fall. However, the serum levels of TNF-α in the later stages of liver fibrosis still significantly exceeded control values. The serum levels of IFN-γ in patients significantly exceeded control values without changes in different stages of fibrosis. Relatively high levels of serum IL-2 and IL-6 were noted only in the later stages of the disease. In both groups of patients, a clear dependence of serum levels of IL-8 on the stage of fibrosis was revealed. Analysis of the data allows us to conclude that immune mechanisms play a significant role in the pathogenesis of degenerative liver diseases. Therefore further studies of the mechanism and role of immune factors is required to explore possible diagnostic and therapeutic applications.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>иммунопатология</kwd><kwd>фиброз печени</kwd><kwd>гепатит С</kwd><kwd>алкогольная болезнь печени</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>immunopathology</kwd><kwd>liver fibrosis</kwd><kwd>hepatitis C</kwd><kwd>alcoholic liver disease</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bidlingmaier, S., Zhu, X., &amp; Liu, B. (2008). The utility and limitations of glycosylated human CD133 epitopes in defining cancer stem cells. Journal of Molecular Medicine, 86(9), 1025-1032. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-008-0357-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bidlingmaier, S., Zhu, X., &amp; Liu, B. (2008). 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