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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hfb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Health, Food &amp; Biotechnology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health, Food &amp; Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7648</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РОСБИОТЕХ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36107/hfb.2024.i4.s242</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hfb-242</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOTECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перспективы и особенности применения метода турбидиметрического анализа для определения антимикробной активности пептидов и антибиотиков гликопептидного ряда (систематический обзор предметного поля)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prospects and Features of the Turbidimetric Analysis Method for Determining the Antimicrobial Activity of Peptides and Antibiotics of the Glycopeptide Series (Systematic Scoping Review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4940-3760</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахова</surname><given-names>Дарья</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakhova</surname><given-names>Daria A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистр кафедры "Биотехнология и биоорганический синтез" ФГБОУ ВО «Российский биотехнологический университет (РОСБИОТЕХ)»</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">barkovadashka@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6077-5957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каночкина</surname><given-names>Мария Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanochkina</surname><given-names>Maria S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат технических наук, направления деятельности: биотехнология, технология получения БАВ, микробиота, пре-, про- и аутопробиотики для человека и животных. SPIN-код: 2584-6474, AuthorID: 1087397</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kanoch@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский биотехнологический университет (РОСБИОТЕХ)»,&#13;
Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Biotechnological University (BIOTECH University);&#13;
Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО РОСБИОТЕХ,&#13;
ООО "Микробные нутриенты иммунокорректоры"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Biotechnological University (BIOTECH University); Limited Liability Company «Microbial Nutrients Immunocorrectors»,</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шахова Д.A., Каночкина М.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шахова Д., Каночкина М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shakhova D.A., Kanochkina M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.hfb-journal.ru/jour/article/view/242">https://www.hfb-journal.ru/jour/article/view/242</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Антимикробные пептиды и антибиотики, продуцируемые микроорганизмами, в большей части развитых экономически государств являются лидирующей группой в фармацевтическом производстве. Применяемые в лечении различных инфекционных заболеваний данные ЛС являются одной из наиболее широких категорий. В России антимикробные средства включены в перечень жизненно необходимых и важнейших лекарственных препаратов. В настоящее время остро стоит проблема импортозамещения в связи со сложившейся политической ситуацией, поэтому сейчас активно разрабатывают стратегии замены импортных фармацевтических субстанций на отечественные. Количественное определение качества антибиотических препаратов является главной задачей для выпускающих эти препараты предприятий. Методики, используемые для этих задач, такие как биологические, диффузионные, турбидиметрические, спектроскопические и хроматографические анализы, нуждаются в своевременном совершенствовании и модификациях для повышения их специфичности, чувствительности и воспроизводимости, что в конечном итоге определяет качество лекарства. Цель. Целью настоящего научного исследования является сбор теоретических данных и анализ научной литературы для обзора сектора антимикробных пептидов и антибиотиков, продуцируемых микроорганизмами, в особенности антибиотиков-гликопептидов. Материалы и методы. Теоретический анализ, сравнительный анализ собранной информации, SWOT-анализ; критериальный метод анализа источников информации. Результаты и обсуждение. В данном исследовании были рассмотрены биологические методы, их актуальность для некоторых антибиотиков, таких как гликопептиды, из-за их сложной химической структуры, что затрудняет использование методов физико-химического анализа. Анализ научных публикаций на русском и иностранном (английском) языках, отражающих особенности характеристики антибиотика гликопептидного ряда – ванкомицина, его антимикробное действие, блок-схему получения и микробный синтез. При написании данного обзора использовались рецензируемые статьи, патенты и другие источники, опубликованные в период с 2019 по 2024 год, на русском и английском языке. Поиск проводили на основании следующих ключевых слов: «фармацевтический рынок», «антимикробные пептиды», «гликопептидные антибиотики», «ванкомицин», «метод диффузии в агар», «метод турбидиметрии». В результате поиска информационных источников было отобрано 50 публикаций, размещенных в иностранных и русскоязычных базах данных (PubMed, Google scholar, E-library, Cyberleninka, ГФ РФ). Была проанализирована динамика современного фармоцевтического рынка сектора антибиотиков, выделены проблемные поля, рассмотрены антибиотики, продуцируемые микроорганизмами и проведен сравнительный анализ с антимикробными пептидами. Дана характеристика основной группе антибиотиков-гликопептидов, исследуемой в настоящем обзоре, в частности ванкомицина. Описан его механизм антимикробного действия, технологическая блок-схема производства и микробный синтез на молекулярном уровне. Рассмотрены фармакопейные методы определения антимикробной активности, а именно метод диффузии в агар и турбидиметрический метод, проведен сравнительный анализ этих методик, выявлены положительные и отрицательные стороны стандартизации и контроля активности антибиотиков.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Antimicrobial peptides and antibiotics produced by microorganisms are the leading group in pharmaceuticalл78 production in most economically developed countries. These drugs used in the treatment of various infectious diseases are one of the broadest categories. In Russia, antimicrobial agents are included in the list of vital and essential drugs. Currently, the problem of import substitution is acute due to the current political situation, so strategies for replacing imported pharmaceutical substances with domestic ones are currently being actively developed. Quantitative determination of the quality of antibiotic drugs is the main task for enterprises producing these drugs. The methods used for these tasks, such as biological, diffusion, turbidimetric, spectroscopic and chromatographic analyzes, require timely improvement and modifications to increase their specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility, which ultimately determines the quality of the drug. </p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. The aim of this scientific study is to collect theoretical data and analyze the scientific literature to review the sector of antimicrobial peptides and antibiotics produced by microorganisms, especially glycopeptide antibiotics. </p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. Theoretical analysis, comparative analysis of the collected information, SWOT analysis; criterial method for analyzing information sources. Results and discussion. This study examined biological methods, their relevance for some antibiotics, such as glycopeptides, due to their complex chemical structure, which complicates the use of physicochemical analysis methods. Analysis of scientific publications in Russian and foreign (English) languages, reflecting the features of the characteristics of the glycopeptide antibiotic - vancomycin, its antimicrobial action, a block diagram of its production and microbial synthesis. When writing this review, peer-reviewed articles, patents and other sources published between 2019 and 2024, in Russian and English, were used. The search was conducted based on the following keywords: «pharmaceutical market», «antimicrobial peptides», «glycopeptide antibiotics», «vancomycin», «agar diffusion method», «turbidimetry method». As a result of the search for information sources, 50 publications posted in foreign and Russian-language databases (PubMed, Google scholar, E-library, Cyberleninka, State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation) were selected. </p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The dynamics of the modern pharmaceutical market of the antibiotic sector was analyzed, problem areas were identified, antibiotics produced by microorganisms were considered and a comparative analysis with antimicrobial peptides was carried out. The characteristics of the main group of glycopeptide antibiotics studied in this review, in particular vancomycin, are given. Its mechanism of antimicrobial action, technological block diagram of production and microbial synthesis at the molecular level are described. Pharmacopoeial methods for determining antimicrobial activity, namely the agar diffusion method and the turbidimetric method, are considered, a comparative analysis of these methods is carried out, and positive and negative aspects of standardization and control of antibiotic activity are identified.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фармацевтический рынок</kwd><kwd>антимикробные пептиды</kwd><kwd>гликопептидные антибиотики</kwd><kwd>ванкомицин</kwd><kwd>метод диффузии в агар</kwd><kwd>турбидиметрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pharmaceutical market</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial peptides</kwd><kwd>glycopeptide antibiotics</kwd><kwd>vancomycin</kwd><kwd>agar diffusion method</kwd><kwd>turbidimetry</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">научно-исследовательская организация Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Микробные нутриенты иммунокорректоры»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андрюков, Б. 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