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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hfb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Health, Food &amp; Biotechnology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health, Food &amp; Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7648</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РОСБИОТЕХ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36107/hfb.2019.i3.s265</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hfb-22</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПИТАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOOD</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование двухдискового распределяющего и двухуровневого отражающего устройств камерного протравливателя для повышения качества обработки семян зерновых культур</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Use of a Two-Disc Distributing and Two-Level Reflecting Devices of a Chamber Protector to Increase the Quality of Treatment of Seeds of Grain Crops</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мачнев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Machnev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мачнев Алексей Валентинович</p><p>125080, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, дом 11 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey V. Machnev</p><p>11 Volokolamskoe highway, Moscow, 125080 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mav700@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоренко</surname><given-names>Б. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorenko</surname><given-names>B. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федоренко Борис Николаевич</p><p>125080, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, дом 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris N. Fedorenko</p><p>11 Volokolamskoe highway, Moscow, 125080 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borisfedorenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кухарев</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kukharev</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кухарев Олег Николаевич</p><p>440014, город Пенза, ул. Ботаническая, дом 30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg N. Kukharev</p><p>30 Botanicheskaya str., Penza, 440014 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kucharev.o.n@pgau.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мачнев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Machnev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мачнев Валентин Андреевич</p><p>440014, город Пенза, ул. Ботаническая, дом 30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentin A. Machnev</p><p>30 Botanicheskaya str., Penza, 440014 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mva702@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Латышев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Latyshev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Латышев Михаил Александрович</p><p>125080, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, дом 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Latyshev</p><p>11 Volokolamskoe highway, Moscow, 125080 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">latyshevma@mgupp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мачнева</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Machneva</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мачнева Оксана Юрьевна</p><p>440014, город Пенза, ул. Ботаническая, дом 30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana Yu. Machneva</p><p>30 Botanicheskaya str., Penza, 440014 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">machneva.80@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет пищевых производств»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Food Production</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Пензенский государственный аграрный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Penza State Agrarian University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мачнев А.В., Федоренко Б.Н., Кухарев О.Н., Мачнев В.А., Латышев М.А., Мачнева О.Ю., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мачнев А.В., Федоренко Б.Н., Кухарев О.Н., Мачнев В.А., Латышев М.А., Мачнева О.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Machnev A.V., Fedorenko B.N., Kukharev O.N., Machnev V.A., Latyshev M.A., Machneva O.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.hfb-journal.ru/jour/article/view/22">https://www.hfb-journal.ru/jour/article/view/22</self-uri><abstract><p>В последние годы все большее внимание уделяется проведению качественного протравливания семян, что невозможно осуществить без применения камерных протравливателей, работающих по принципу непрерывной подачи семян в камеру протравливания. Существующие камерные протравливатели типа Mobiox Super в конструкциях, которых предусмотрена установка одно- или двух дисковых распределяющихустройствсемянпассивногоиактивногодействия,атакжеодноуровневых отражающих устройств не способны существенно повысить качество протравливания. Поэтому целью научного исследования явилось повышение качества обработки семян зерновых культур разработкой двухдискового распределяющего и двухуровневого отражающего устройств камерного протравливателя. Научная значимость исследований заключается в установлении зависимостей влияния конструктивных параметров на дробление семян. Практическая значимость исследований состоит в разработке протравливателя, оснащенного двухдисковым распределяющим и двухуровневым отражающим устройствами семян способного снизить дробление, влажность семян и увеличить полноту их протравливания. Двухдисковое распределяющее устройство состоит из верхнего кольцевого диска с направителем-делителем в виде катеноида и нижнего сплошного диска с направителем в виде псевдосферы, а двухуровневое отражающее устройство включает в себя отражатель верхнего и нижнего уровней, их применение дает возможность сформировать два равномерных потока семян перед нанесение рабочей жидкости. Для проведения исследований в качестве семенного материала использовали семена яровой пшеницы сорта Радуга, а в качестве протравителя применяли препарат Максим Экстрим. Методика исследований камерного протравливателя предусматривала обоснование рациональных значений его конструктивных параметров, определение посевных качеств семян, влияния диаметра выходного окна лепесткового дозатора на подачу семян, неравномерность подачи и дробление протравливателем, а также проведение сравнительных испытаний разработанного протравливателя Mobiitox Super с базовым Mobiitox Super. Анализ и обработка результатов исследований осуществлялись методами математической статистики. Ценность полученных результатов исследований в том, что при расстоянии от кольцевого диска до отражателя верхнего уровня 60 мм, диаметре отражателя нижнего уровня 350 мм, высоте расположения отражателя верхнего уровня 30 мм и высоте расположения отражателя нижнего уровня 30 мм, наблюдалось наименьшее дробление семян протравливателем 0,05 %. Практическое значение исследований заключается в разработке протравливателя обеспечивающего, по сравнению с базовым, снижение дробления семян после протравливания с 0,12 % до 0,06 %, неравномерности протравливания с 5,6 % до 2,67 %, влажности семян после протравливания с 15,4 % до 15,1 %, и повышение полноты протравливания с 85,6 % до 97,4 %. Таким образом, применение протравливателя, оснащенного двухдисковым распределяющим и двухуровневым отражающим устройствами способно повысить качество протравливания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to quality seed treatment, which is impossible without the use of chamber dressers, working on the principle of continuous supply of seeds to the dressing chamber. Existing chamber dressers such as Mobiox Super in designs that provide for the installation of one or two disk seed dispensers for passive and active action, as well as single-level reflective devices, are not able to significantly improve the quality of dressing. Therefore, the purpose of scientific research was to improve the quality of seed treatment of grain crops by the development of a two-disk distributing and two-level reflecting devices of a chamber etcher. The scientific significance of research is to establish the dependencies of the influence of design parameters on the crushing of seeds. The practical significance of the research lies in the development of a seed dresser equipped with a two-disk distributing and two-level reflective seed devices capable of reducing crushing, seed moisture and increasing the completeness of their seed dressing. A two-disk distribution device consists of an upper annular disk with a divider guide in the form of a catenoid and a lower solid disk with a guide in the form of a pseudosphere, and a two-level reflecting device includes a reflector of the upper and lower levels, their application makes it possible to form two uniform flow of seeds before applying the working liquids. For research, seeds of spring wheat of the Rainbow variety were used as seed material, and Maxim Extreme was used as a dressing agent. The research methodology for the chamber dresser included substantiating the rational values of its design parameters, determining the sowing quality of the seeds, the effect of the diameter of the exit window of the petal dispenser on seed delivery, uneven feeding and crushing by the dresser, as well as comparative testing of the developed Mobiitox Super dresser with the base Mobiitox Super. Analysis and processing of research results was carried out by methods of mathematical statistics. The value of the research results is that when the distance from the annular disk to the reflector of the upper level is 60 mm, the diameter of the reflector of the lower level is 350 mm, the height of the reflector of the upper level is 30 mm, and the height of the reflector of the lower level is 30 mm, the smallest crushing of seeds was observed with the pickling agent 0, 05 %. The practical significance of the research lies in the development of a seed dresser that provides, in comparison with the base, a decrease in seed crushing after dressing from 0.12 % to 0.06 %, uneven dressing from 5.6 % to 2.67 %, seed moisture after dressing from 15, 4 % to 15.1 %, and an increase in the etch completeness from 85.6 % to 97.4 %. Thus, the use of a dresser equipped with a two-disk distributing and two-level reflecting devices can improve the quality of the pickling.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>семя</kwd><kwd>двухдисковое распределяющее устройство</kwd><kwd>двухуровневое отражающее устройство</kwd><kwd>камера протравливания</kwd><kwd>камерный протравливатель</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>seed</kwd><kwd>two-disk dispensing device</kwd><kwd>two-level reflecting device</kwd><kwd>dressing chamber</kwd><kwd>chamber dressing</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мачнев А. В. (2010). Обеспечение наименьшей деформации семени при ударе о распределитель. Нива Поволжья, 2(15), 63-65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Machnev, A. V. (2010). Ensuring the smallest deformation of the seed when it hits the spreader. 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