<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">hfb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Health, Food &amp; Biotechnology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health, Food &amp; Biotechnology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2712-7648</issn><publisher><publisher-name>РОСБИОТЕХ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36107/hfb.2023.i2.s171</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">hfb-171</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOTECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование возможности использования биоразлагаемых целлюлозосодержащих материалов на основе мискантуса в качестве одноразовой посуды и упаковки пищевых продуктов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of the Possibility of Using Biodegradable Cellulose-Containing Materials Based on Miscanthus as Disposable Tableware and Food Packaging</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3370-4226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирш</surname><given-names>Ирина Анатольевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirsh</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий кафедрой "Промышленный дизайн технология упаковки и экспертиза", д.х.н</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirshia@mgupp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6055-4396</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тверитникова</surname><given-names>Изабелла Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tveritnikova</surname><given-names>Izabella S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший преподаватель кафедры "Промышленный дизайн технология упаковки и экспертиза"</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iza-1995@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баталова</surname><given-names>Валентина Вячеславовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batalova</surname><given-names>Valentina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">batalova-valechka@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский биотехнологический университет (РОСБИОТЕХ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Biotechnological University (Biotech University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кирш И.А., Тверитникова И.С., Баталова В.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кирш И.А., Тверитникова И.С., Баталова В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kirsh I.A., Tveritnikova I.S., Batalova V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.hfb-journal.ru/jour/article/view/171">https://www.hfb-journal.ru/jour/article/view/171</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В настоящее время одним из приоритетных направлений развития науки и техники в области экологии и охраны окружающей среды является разработка биоразлагаемых материалов.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Целью работы является исследование целлюлозосодержащих материалов для определения возможности их использования в качестве упаковочных материалов пищевых продуктов и одноразовой посуды. </p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В качестве объектов исследования были выбраны материал на основе мискантуса и материал на основе беленой целлюлозы. Исследования проводились в центре коллективного пользования на базе Российского биотехнологического университета. В работе проводили исследования на барьерные свойства, деформационно-прочностные характеристики, санитарно-гигиенические показатели и способность к биоразложению.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Материал из мискантуса имеет более высокие показатели физико-механических свойств по сравнению с целлюлозным материалом из древесины. Проницаемость для паров воды, по кислороду, а также жиростойкость всех исследуемых образцов невысокая. Материал на основе древесной целлюлозы, а также материал из мискантуса, являются нежиростойкими и не рекомендуются для пищевых продуктов с высоким содержанием жира. При исследовании образцов в жидкой среде биогумус было отмечено, что образцы из древесной целлюлозы и из мискантуса разложились в модельной среде на 8 неделе. Определено, что за 6 недель компостирования образцы материала из мискантуса разлагаются полностью, в свою очередь образцы материала из древесной целлюлозы достигли полного биоразложения после 12 недели. Исследования лабораторных образцов по техническому регламенту таможенного союза 005/2011 «О безопасности упаковки» установили, что предельно допустимые концентрации выделившихся низкомолекулярных веществ не превышают установленную норму, и такую упаковку можно использовать для контакта с пищевыми продуктами.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. В результате исследования качества целлюлозных материалов определено, что качество изделий удовлетворительное: дефектов нет, повреждений нет, включений нет. Установлено, что исследуемые образцы имеют высокие показатели физико-механических свойств. Определено, что образцы целлюлозных материалов разлагаются полностью в течение 3 месяцев. При этом не остается даже фрагментов материалов. Установлено, что даже в условиях ограничения доступа кислорода воздуха (модель полигон) образцы разлагаются полностью за 4 месяца без образования фрагментов изделий или волокон. По результатам проведенных исследований определено соответствие образцов целлюлозных тарелок нормам ТР ТС 005/2011. Данные целлюлозосодержащие материалы можно использовать в качестве упаковочных материалов пищевых продуктов и одноразовой посуды.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Currently, the development of biodegradable materials is one of the priority areas for the development of science and technology in the field of ecology and environmental protection.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to study cellulose-containing materials in order to determine the possibility of their useage as packaging materials for food products and disposable tableware.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. In this paper, the objects of the study were a material based on miscanthus and a material based on bleached cellulose. The research was carried out at the Russian Biotechnological University following studies on barrier properties, deformation-strength characteristics, sanitary and hygienic indicators and biodegradability.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Miscanthus material has higher physical and mechanical properties compared to cellulose wood material. The permeability to water vapor, oxygen, as well as the grease resistance of all the studied samples is low. Wood pulp and miscanthus materials are non-grease resistant and are not recommended for fatty foods. When studying samples in a liquid vermicompost medium, it was noted that samples from wood cellulose and miscanthus decomposed in the model medium at the 8th week. It was determined that after 6 weeks of composting, samples of the material from miscanthus decomposed completely, while samples of the material from wood cellulose achieved complete biodegradation after 12 weeks. Studies of laboratory samples in accordance with the technical regulations of the Customs Union 005/2011 “On the safety of packaging” have established that the maximum permissible concentrations of released low-molecular substances do not exceed the established norm, and such packaging can be used for contact with food products.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. As a result of studies of the quality of cellulose materials, it was determined that the quality of the products is satisfactory: no defects, no damage, no inclusions. It was established that the studied samples have high physical and mechanical properties. It was determined that samples of cellulose materials decompose completely within 3 months. In this case, not even fragments of materials remain. It was found that even under conditions of limited access to air oxygen (landfill model), the samples decompose completely within 4 months without the formation of fragments of products or fibers. Based on the results of the studies, the compliance of samples of cellulose plates with the standards of TR CU 005/2011 was determined. The outcomes of the research reveal that these cellulose-containing materials can be used as packaging materials for food products and disposable tableware.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>материал из мискантуса</kwd><kwd>материал из древесной целлюлозы</kwd><kwd>биоразложение</kwd><kwd>барьерные свойства</kwd><kwd>деформационно-прочностные характеристики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>miscanthus material</kwd><kwd>wood cellulose material</kwd><kwd>biodegradation</kwd><kwd>barrier properties</kwd><kwd>deformation-strength characteristics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аунг, Х. Т. (2020). Получение композиционных материалов на основе продуктов переработки рисовой шелухи [Кандидатская диссертация, РХТУ]. Москва, Россия.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aung, H. T. (2020). Obtaining composite materials based on rice husk processing products [Ph.D. thesis, RCTU]. Moscow, Russia.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Балыхин, М. Г., Кирш, И. А., Губанова, М. И., Банникова, О. А., Безнаева, О. В., Чалых, А. Е., Щербина, А. А., Иорданский, А. Л., Ольхов, А. А., Щетинин, М. П., &amp; Музыка, М. Ю. (2021). Рециклинг упаковки и биоразлагаемые полимерные материалы: монография, (с. 120-190). Проспект.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balykhin, M. G., Kirsh, I. A., Gubanova, M. I., Bannikova, O. A., Beznaeva, O. V., Chalykh, A. E., Shcherbina, A. A., Iordansky, A. L., Olkhov, A. A., Shchetinin, M. P., &amp; Muzyka, M. Yu. (2021). Packaging recycling and biodegradable polymeric materials: monograph (p. 120-190). Moscow: Prospect.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Будаева, В. В., Митрофанов, Р. Ю., Золотухин, В. Н., &amp; Сакович, Г. В. (2011). Новые сырьевые источники целлюлозы для технической химии. Вестник казанского технологического университета, (7), 205-212.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Budaeva, V. V., Mitrofanov, R. Yu., Zolotukhin, V. N., &amp; Sakovich, G. V. (2011). New raw materials of cellulose for technical chemistry. Bulletin of the Kazan Technological University, 7, 205-212.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ершова, О. В., &amp; Чупрова, Л. В. (2016). Способы химической модификации целлюлозы с целью создания новых композиционных материалов. Международный журнал прикладных и фундаментальных исследований, (10), 359-362.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ershova, O. V., &amp; Chuprova, L. V. (2016). Methods for the chemical modification of cellulose in order to create new composite materials. International Journal of Applied and Basic Research, 10, 359-362.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Капустянчик, С. Ю., &amp; Якименко, В. Н. (2020). Мискантус - перспективная сырьевая, энергетическая и фитомелиоративная культура (литературный обзор). Почвы и окружающая среда, 3(3), 10-24. https://doi.org/10.31251/pos.v3i3.126</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karpunin, I. I., Kuzmich, V. V., &amp; Balabanova, T. F. (2015). Classification of biodegradable polymers. Science and Technology, 5, 53-59.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карпунин, И. И., Кузьмич, В. В., &amp; Балабанова, Т. Ф. (2015). Классификация биологически разлагаемых полимеров. Наука и техника, (5), 53-59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirsch, I. A., Romanova, V. A., Tveritnikova, I. S., Beznaeva, O. V., Bannikova, O. A., &amp; Shmakova N. S. (2020). Studies of the effect of ultrasonic treatment on melts of polymer compositions based on polyethylene and modified starch. Chemical Industry Today, 1, 62-67.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кирш, И. А., Овсянников, С. А., Безнаева О. В., Банникова, О. А., Губанова, М. И., Новиков, М. Н., Тверитникова, И. С. (2022). Перспективы повторной переработки отходов одноразовой упаковки. Health, Food &amp; Biotechnology, 4(2), 31-47. https://doi.org/10.36107/hfb.2022.i2.s149</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kostochko, A. V., Shipina, O. T., Valishina, Z. T., Garaeva, M. R., &amp; Alexandrov, A. A. (2010). Preparation and study of the properties of cellulose from herbaceous plants. Bulletin of the Kazan Technological University, 9, 267-275.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кирш, И. А., Романова, В. А., Тверитникова, И. С., Безнаева, О. В., Банникова, О. А., &amp; Шмакова Н. С. (2020). Исследования влияния ультразвуковой обработки на расплавы полимерных композиций на основе полиэтилена и модифицированного крахмала. Химическая промышленность сегодня, (1), 62-67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krutko, E. T., Prokopchuk, N. R., &amp; Globa A. I. (2014). Technology of biodegradable polymeric materials: textbook.-method. manual for students of the specialty 1-48 01 02 "Chemical technology of organic substances, materials and products" specialization 1-48 01 02 04 "Technology of plastics" (p. 65-69). Minsk: BSTU.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Косточко, А. В., Шипина, О. Т., Валишина, З. Т., Гараева, М. Р., &amp; Александров, А. А. (2010). Получение и исследование свойств целлюлозы из травянистых растений. Вестник Казанского технологического университета, (9), 267-275.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kupustianchik, S. Yu., &amp; Yakimenko, V. N. (2020). Miscanthus is a promising raw material, energy and phytomeliorative crop (literature review). Soils and Environment, 3(3), 10-24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Литвяк, В. В. (2019). Перспективы производства современных упаковочных материалов с применением биоразлагаемых полимерных композиций. Журнал Белорусского государственного университета. Экология, (2), 84–94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Litvyak, V. V. (2019). Prospects for the production of modern packaging materials using biodegradable polymer compositions. Journal of the Belarusian State University. Ecology, 2, 84–94.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мазитова, А. К., Аминова, Г. К., Зарипов, И. И., &amp; Вихарева, И. Н. (2021). Биоразлагаемые полимерные материалы и модифицирующие добавки: современное состояние. Часть II. Нанотехнологии в строительстве, 13, 32–38. https://doi.org/10.15828/2075-8545-2021-13-1-32-38</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mazitova, A. K., Aminova, G. K., Zaripov, I. I., &amp; Vikhareva, I. N. (2021). Biodegradable polymeric materials and modifying additives: state of the art. Part II. Nanotechnologies in construction, 13, 32–38.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ольхов, А. А., Попов, А. А., Ольхов, А. А., Григорьева, Е. А., Хватов, А. В., &amp; Абзальдинов, Х. С. (2015). Технологические свойства биоразлагаемых композиционных материалов на основе полиэтилена и крахмала. Вестник Казанского технологического университета, 16, 105–109.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Olkhov, A. A., Popov, A. A., Olkhov, A. A., Grigorieva, E. A., Khvatov, A. V., &amp; Abzaldinov, H. S. (2015). Technological properties of biodegradable composite materials based on polyethylene and starch. Bulletin of the Kazan Technological University, 16, 105–109.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шабарина, А. А., Кузьмин, А. М., Водяков, В. Н., &amp; Шабарин, И. А. (2021). Получение биоразлагаемых композиционных материалов на основе полиолефинов и лузги из семян подсолнечника. Известия высших учебных заведений. Химия и химическая технология, (4), 73–76. https://doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20216404.6283</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sirotkin, A. S., Lisyukova, T. V., Vdovina, T. V., &amp; Shcherbakova, Yu. V. (2017). Biopolymers and promising materials based on them: textbook (p. 55-62). Kazan: KNRTU Publishing House.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alizadeh-Sani, M., Azizi-Lalabadi, M., Tavassoli, M., Mohammadian, E., &amp; McClements, D.J. (2021). Recent Advances in the Development of Smart and Active Biodegradable Packaging Materials. Nanomaterials,11(5), 1331.https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11051331</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smirnova, A. I., &amp; Antonova, V. S. (2020). Applied chemistry of natural compounds: textbook. allowance (pp. 65-71). St. Petersburg: VSTE SPbGUPTD.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gismatulinaa, Yu. A., Budaevaa, V. V., Veprevb, S. G., Sakovicha, G. V., &amp; Shumnyb, V. K. (2015). Cellulose from Various Parts of Soranovskii Miscanthus. Russian Journal of Genetics: Applied Research, 1(5), 60–68. https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079059715010049</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sokolova, N. A., Kochetkov, V. G., Novopoltseva, O. M., &amp; Kablov, V. F. (2018). Chemistry of biopolymers: teaching aid (p. 23-27). Volzhsky: VolgGTU.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ilyas, R., Sapuan, S., Ishak, M., &amp; Zainudin, E. (2018). Sugar palm nanocrystalline cellulose reinforced sugar palm starch composite: Degradation and water-barrier properties. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 368, 012006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/368/1/012006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Terentyeva, E. P., Udovenko, N. K., &amp; Pavlova, E. A. (2014). Chemistry of wood, cellulose and synthetic polymers: textbook (p. 37-42). St. Petersburg: SPbGTURP. Part 1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kirsh, I. A., Beznaeva, O. V., Bannikova, O. A., Romanova, V. A., &amp; Barulya, I. V. (2019). Biodegradable polymer compositions based on the waste of the agro-industrial complex. Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications, S5(12), 196-202.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shabarina, A. A., Kuzmin, A. M., Vodyakov, V. N., &amp; Shabarin, I. A. (2021). Obtaining biodegradable composite materials based on polyolefins and husks from sunflower seeds. News of higher educational institutions. Chemistry and Chemical Technology, 4, 73–76.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kirsh, I. A., Beznaeva, O. V., Bannikova, O. A., Romanova, V. A., &amp; Barulya, I. V. (2019). Development of biodegradable polymer compositions based on the waste of the agro-industrial complex. International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research, 2(10), 15-23.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shtilman, M. I. (2020). Technology of polymers for medical and biological purposes. Polymers of natural origin: textbook (pp. 125-134). Moscow: Knowledge Laboratory.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kirsh, I., Bannikova, O., Beznaeva, O., Tveritnikova, I., Romanova, V., Zagrebina, D., Frolova, Y., &amp; Myalenko, D. (2020). Research of the influence of the ultrasonic treatment on the melts of the polymeric compositions for the creation of packaging materials with antimicrobial properties and biodegrability. Polymers, 2(12), 275. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12020275</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alizadeh-Sani, M., Azizi-Lalabadi, M., Tavassoli, M., Mohammadian, E., &amp; McClements, D.J. (2021). Recent Advances in the Development of Smart and Active Biodegradable Packaging Materials. Nanomaterials. 11 (5), 1331. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11051331</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lim, J. S., Mana, Z. A, Alwi, S. R. W, &amp; Hashim, H. (2012). A review on utilization of biomass from rice industry as a source of renewable energy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16, 3084-3094. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.051</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gismatulinaa, Yu. A., Budaevaa, V. V., Veprevb, S. G., Sakovicha, G. V., &amp; Shumnyb, V. K. (2015). Cellulose from Various Parts of Soranovskii Miscanthus. Russian Journal of Genetics: Applied Research, 1 (5), 60–68.  https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079059715010049</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaghaleh, H., Xu, X., &amp; Wang, S. (2018). Current progress in production of biopolymeric materials based on cellulose, cellulose nanofibers, and cellulose derivatives. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 8, 825-842. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA11157F</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ilyas, R., Sapuan, S., Ishak, M., &amp; Zainudin, E. (2018). Sugar palm nanocrystalline cellulose reinforced sugar palm starch composite: Degradation and water-barrier properties. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 368, 012006. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/368/1/012006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tu, W.-C., Weigand, L., Hummel, M., Sixta, H., Brandt-Talbot, А., &amp; Hallett, J. P. (2020). Characterisation of cellulose pulps isolated from Miscanthus using a low-cost acidic ionic liquid. Cellulose, 27, 4745–4761. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10570-020-03073-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirsh, I. A., Beznaeva, O. V., Bannikova, O. A., Romanova, V. A., &amp; Barulya, I. V. (2019). Biodegradable polymer compositions based on the waste of the agro-industrial complex. Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications, S5 (12), 196-202.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Virendra, S. B., &amp; Tarun, K. G. (1981). Biodegradation of cellulosic materials: Substrates, microorganisms, enzymes and products. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2(3), 94-104 https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(81)90066-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirsh, I. A., Beznaeva, O. V., Bannikova, O. A., Romanova, V. A., &amp; Barulya, I. V. (2019).  Development of biodegradable polymer compositions based on the waste of the agro-industrial complex. International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research, 2 (10), 15-23.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wei, Z. (2016). Comprehensive Applications of Rice Husk Biomass Master's. Theses, 1033.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirsh, I., Bannikova, O., Beznaeva, O., Tveritnikova, I., Romanova, V., Zagrebina, D., Frolova, Y., &amp; Myalenko, D. (2020). Research of the influence of the ultrasonic treatment on the melts of the polymeric compositions for the creation of packaging materials with antimicrobial properties and biodegrability. Polymers, 2 (12), 275.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lim, J. S., Mana, Z A, Alwi, SR. W, &amp; Hashim, H. (2012). A review on utilization of biomass from rice industry as a source of renewable energy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16, 3084-3094. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.051</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lim, J. S., Mana, Z A, Alwi, SR. W, &amp; Hashim, H. (2012). A review on utilization of biomass from rice industry as a source of renewable energy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16, 3084-3094. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.051</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shaghaleh, H., Xu, X., &amp; Wang, S. (2018). Current progress in production of biopolymeric materials based on cellulose, cellulose nanofibers, and cellulose derivatives. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 8, 825-842. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA11157F</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shaghaleh, H., Xu, X., &amp; Wang, S. (2018). Current progress in production of biopolymeric materials based on cellulose, cellulose nanofibers, and cellulose derivatives. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 8, 825-842. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA11157F</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tu, W.-C., Weigand, L., Hummel, M., Sixta, H., Brandt-Talbot, А. &amp; Hallett, J. P. (2020). Characterisation of cellulose pulps isolated from Miscanthus using a low-cost acidic ionic liquid. Cellulose, 27, 4745–4761.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tu, W.-C., Weigand, L., Hummel, M., Sixta, H., Brandt-Talbot, А. &amp; Hallett, J. P. (2020). Characterisation of cellulose pulps isolated from Miscanthus using a low-cost acidic ionic liquid. Cellulose, 27, 4745–4761.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Virendra, S. B., &amp; Tarun, K. G. (1981). Biodegradation of cellulosic materials: Substrates, microorganisms, enzymes and products. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2 (3), 94-104 https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(81)90066-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Virendra, S. B., &amp; Tarun, K. G. (1981). Biodegradation of cellulosic materials: Substrates, microorganisms, enzymes and products. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 2 (3), 94-104 https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(81)90066-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wei, Z. (2016). Comprehensive Applications of Rice Husk Biomass Master's. Theses, 1033.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wei, Z. (2016). Comprehensive Applications of Rice Husk Biomass Master's. Theses, 1033.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
